Wire-drawing machine



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. F. H. DANIELS.

WIRE DRAWING MAGHINE.

No. 406,030. Patented July 2, 1889.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. H. DANIELS.

WIRE DRAWING MACHINE.

No. 406,030.- Patented JulyZ, 1889.

ZZ/j/ 555/55- (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. P. H. DANIELS.

WIRE DRAWING MACHINE. No. 406,030. Patented July 2, 1889.

"- PETERS WW Wampum D, I;

UNITED STATES PATENT QEEICE.

FRED H. DANIELS, OF IVORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

WIRE-DRAWING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 406,030, dated. July 2,1889. Application filed December 1'7, 1888. Serial No. 293,773. (Nomodel.)

To all zt'hont it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED H. DANIELS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Worcester, in the county of Vorcester and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inContinuous Vl1'6 Drawing Machines, of which the following, together withthe accompanying drawings, is a specification sulficiently full, clear,and exact to enable persons skilled in the art to which this inventionappertains to make and use the same.

The object of my present invention is to improve the construction andrender more eiticient and successfully operative machinery for the automatic drawing of wire through a series of reducing-dies bysimultaneous and continuous operation, and to afford ample fa cilitiesfor ad jnstment of the mechanism and for the regulation of speed at thedi fteren t parts to meet the requirements of the work, and giveeconomical and practically beneficial results as regards the quality andquantity of wire produced; also, to provide, in combination with theseries of dies and drawing mechanism, means for the continuouslubrication of the wire as it advances through the machine.

Another object is to provide a dieholder having facilities foradjustment in various directions to accommodate the placing of the die,so that it will stand atright angles to the direction in which the wireis drawn to the draft-pulley.

Another object is to provide a horizontallypivoted die holder orsupport, combined with a standard that is vertically and rotativelyadjustable on a vertical axis, for the purpose hereinafter explained.

These objects I attain by mechanism the nature and operation of whichare explained in the following description, the particular subjcot-matter claimed being hereinafter definitely specified.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a continuous wire-drawingmachine, illustratingmy invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional dia gramshowing the relative arrangements of the dies and drawing-rolls. Fig. 3is a vertical transverse section of the machine. Fig. 4 is a verticalsection through one of the dies and die-holders. Fig. 5 is a side viewof one of the die-holders. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 show the wire-drawing headsor rotating draft-pulleys. Fig. 9 is an end view of the machine. Fig. 10is a detail view illustrating the manner of driving the finaldraw-block; and Figs. 11 and 12, respectively, show the arrangement ofthe front and rear bearing standards or housings for the journals of thedraft-arbors.

In my present drawings I have shown but seven of drawing-arbors anddies; but it will be understood that any desired number may be employedin practice, as the general construction, arrangement, and manner ofoperation for each set are substantially the same throughout the series,excepting that the gearing is proportioned to give an increased speed ofrevolution to the successive arbors and draft- 'nilleys, in order toaccommodate the increase in length of the wire as its size is red need.'Jherefore the description of one set of draw-heads, dliving-arbors, anddie-supporters will sul'lice for a full understanding of all the series.

Referring to parts, A denotes the main frame,.ot' suitable constructionto support the working parts, and 13 indicates the main shaftextendinglongitudinally of the frame and mounted to rotate in suitable bearingsthereon.

posed shafts located at intervals along the frame, journaled in suitablebearings c, and driven from the longitudinal shaft 1; by suitablegearing at I). These operator-s]rafts are each provided with a conoidaldrum 0 for transmitting power and motion therefrom.

D indicates the draft-arbors, upon the iron t ends of which are mountedthe draft-pulleys E for drawing the wire through the dies I. Saiddraft-arbors are arranged above and parallel with the eoned surface ofthe operators O, and are respectively jonrnaled in bearings (Z and (1,arranged in supporting housings F and F in the manner indicated, theforward bearing (Z being horizontally pivoted within its housing F bytrunnions or contering-studs e at its opposite sides, while the rearbearing (1 is fitted to slide up and down within the housing F. A spring1} is placed above the bearing d for pressing it downward, and a screw Gis provided for regulat ing the tension of said spring.

Upon the arbor D, I arrange a wheel D, having a peripheral rim orsurface that engages by frictional contact with the surface of theoperator-cone G, transmitting motion from the operator-shaft to thearbor D and draft-pulley E. The friction-wheel D and arbor D are fittedtogether with a suitable spline or feather, so that the two rotate inunison while the friction-wheel can slide endwise on said arbor, so thatits periphery can engage with the operator-cone at the larger or thesmaller end thereof, or at any intermediate position, for varying thespeed or number of revolutions of the arbor and draftpulley relativelyto the speed of the operatorshaft. For effecting the adjustment of thefriction-wheel'D in relation to the operator-: cone, I prefer to employa screw-threaded shaft J, journaled in suitable bearings f on vided witha threaded hub that works on said screw-shaft, while the other end isforked and? fitted to engage in a groove formed around the hub of thefriction-wheel. The screwshafts J are respectively provided withsuitable heads or hand-wheels 7' for conveniently rotating them, andthereby adjusting the several friction-wheels D relatively to theircones C, to regulate the speed to exactly the degree required fordrawing the wire at each of the respective draw-heads.

For supporting the wire-drawing dies 1, which are of usual form, Iemploy die-holding mechanism constructed substantially as shown in Figs.3, 4, and 5, and comprising a head-piece K, having a socket forreceiving the die I and a trough-shaped extension K. This head-piece issupported by lateral trunnions, pivot-studs, or supporting-screws at mupon a forked standard K in a manner to rock in a vertical planecoincident with the axis of the die, while the standard K which issupported in bearings 011 a suitable bracket A, fixed on the frame A,isarranged to have rotative adjustment on a vertical axis, and also to becapable of adjustment upward or downward, a suitable clamp or set-screwm being provided for securing it in place at any position of adjustmentdesired.

11 indicates the drawing-block upon which Said drawthe wire is woundwhen finished. ing-block is supported on an upright shaft h, thatrotates in bearings a, and is rotated by means of an arbor D andoperating devices similar to those employed for the draft-heads E, theend of said arbor being connected for imparting motion to thedrawing-block by suitable gearing, or, preferably, by a frictionwheel n,that engages a disk or surface at the under part of the drawing-block,as indicated in Fig. 10, and which wheeln is fitted to slide on thesplined end of the arbor and furnished with an adjusting-bar n, or meansfor effecting its adjustment, to vary .the speed of rotation at whichthe drawing-block is operated in relation to the arbor. A suitablespring a may, if desired, be employed for pressing the friction-surfaceof the draw-blockagainst the wheel n in case the weight of the parts isnot sufficient to give the'required traction or draft of the wire.

0 indicates an elevated tank, and P a distributin g -pipe having aseries of branches provided with suitable stop-cocks S arranged forsupplying by gravity a constant flow of liquid lubricating material anddelivering it upon the wire as it passes through the troughshapedextensions of the die-holdin g heads K. Said heads are preferably formedwith an opening '5, thatallows the lubricating-liquid to escape in frontof the die I. A receivingtrough R is arranged beneath the series ofdies, into which the liquid drips from the dieholders. A pipe R leadstherefrom to a suitable pump T, operated by an eccentric on the housingsF F and connected with the wheel by an arm J, one end of which is pro-'one of the shafts, or in other convenient manner, which pump forces orelevates the liquid lubricant from the trough Rthrough the pipe 0 intothe tank 0, and thus maintains a continuous circulation. Thetank 0 can,if desired, in some instances, be omitted, the pipe 0' and pipe P beingconnected together as a continuous pipe, as indicated by dotted lines onFig. 9.

The main shaft B is preferably provided with a friction-driving wheel B,the periphery of which engages with andgs operated by a conoidal drum V,fixed on the counter-shaft V, whereon is mounted the pulley orpulleys Vwhich receive power and motion from the driving-belt. The friction-wheelB is adj ustable longitudinally upon the shaft B, and is confined fromindependent rotation by asuitable spline. It is also furnished with asuitable shifting mechanism X, whereby it can I be shifted for workingin contact with the larger or smaller ,end of the cone V, or atintermediate position, for giving faster or slower speed to the entiremachine. If in anyinstance itis desired, the machine can be made withoutthe coned drum V and friction-wheel B, the operating-pulley being placeddirectly on the shaft B, or on a shaft connected therewith by ordinaryspur-gears.

The drawing-heads or draft-pulleys E are formed and connected with theends of their arbors D, as illustrated. If desired, draftpulleys havinga single face, as in Fig.6, may be used, or an improved draft-pulley,substantially as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, having a coned face or a seriesof offsetting fillets of different diameter, said draft-pulley beingadjustable inward or outward on, the arborD to bring any portion thereofto range in line with r the dies. This form of draft-pulley permits ofthe wire being wrapped around a circle of larger or smaller diameter, asmay best meet the requirements of draft at any particular die, and thecorresponding variation in the speed of draft Without changing thenumber of revolutions of the arbor or draft-pulley.

Any convenient means may be employed for retaining the draft-pulley E atproper position on the arbor D-as, for instance, a nut, set-screw, acollar E and spring E as in Fig. 7, or other suitable device.

The tilting adjustment of the die-holder facilitates the placing of thedie-plate squarely perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the wireto, as it passes from the periphery of one roll or head to the next,regardless of any variations in the relative diameters or position ofthe several drawing-heads.

In the operation of my improved continuous wire-drawing machine the wirefrom a coil, supported on the usual or any suitable reel, is passedthrough the first die, wrapped about the first drawing-head E, thenpassed through the second die and wrapped around the second draw-head,and so on in order throughout the series, and finally wound upon thedrawing-block II. The speed of the several arbors D and heads E isadjusted so as to give an excess of speed .for each succeeding draftproperly in proportion to the elongation of the wire by the successivereductions, by means of the adjustable frictionwheels D and hand-screwsor shafts J.

The speed of the entire machine can be varied by means of thefriction-wheel B and cone V for starting slowly and then increasing thespeed,'when it is seen that all of the dies and draftpulleys are drawingproperly. This variable mechanism also permits of the machine beingworked at any desired speed. This feature is of practical utility in theoperation of this class of machines.

It will be understood that I do not herein claim, broadly, a machinecomprising a series of dies and drawing-heads arranged for thecontinuous drawing of the wire and having means for the variation of thespeed of the drawing-heads, as I am aware that machines embracing suchfeatures have heretofore been made; but in all such machines heretoforemade the mechanism is essentially different in construction, nature, andmode of opera tion from my improvements.

I claim as my invention, to be secured Letters Patent 1. A wire-drawingmachine having draftpnlleyarbors provided with movable frictionwheels,in combination with operator-shafts provided with conoidal drums, and inwhich the revolution of the draft-pulley can be varied by shifting thefriction-wheel endwise 011 its arbor while in contact with the conoidaldrum of the operator-shaft which imparts motion thereto, substantiallyas set forth.

2. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination, with a conoidal-drumoperator, of the draft-arbor for supporting the wire-drawing pulleymounted in a pivoted bearing at one end and in a sliding bearing at theother end, and a spring or equivalent means for forcing said slidingbearin toward the operator-shat t, for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the operator-shaft having a conoidal drum, thedraft-pulley arbor provided with a friction-wheel that is movablelongitudinally on said arbor and peripherally in contact with said drum,supporting-bearings for said arbor which afford a yielding action, and aconnection for effecting endwise adjustment of the friction-wheel inrelation to the arbor and conoidal drum, substantially as set forth.

4. In a wire-drawing machine, the screwshaft J and engaging-arm J,combined with the friction-wheel l) and arbor D, for effectin g endwiseadjustment of said friction-wheel on the arbor, substantially as setforth.

5. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination, with. the draft-pulley,draft-arbor, its friction-wheel, the operator shaft and drum, and adjusting-screw shaft and wheel-shifting arm J, of the housings F F, thearbor-bearin gs d (1, supported in the respective housings in the mannershown, the spring G, and setscrew G, for the purposes set forth.

6. In a wire-drawing machine, in combination with the wire-reducingdies, the draftpulleys having their working-faces formed as cones orsteps of offsetting fillets, adapted for arranging the wire thereon atdilferent positions relatively to the coned surface, whereby the speedof draft can be varied without changing the number of revolutions of thedrawing-arbors or the d raft-pulleys, substantially as set forth.

7. In a machine for drawing wire, the wiredrawing roll or draft-pulleyhaving its face formed as a cone or series of offsetting fillets ofdifferent diameters, in combination with the wire-reducing die and arotatable sup portingarbor, whereon said draft-pulley is adjustablelongitudinally, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a machine for drawing wire, in co1nbination with the draft-pulleyand wire-drawing die, the die-holder consisting of a head piece having asocket for supporting a wiredrawing die, connected by pivots ortrunnions with an adjustable standard, which standard is capable ofendwise and rotative ad justment, substantially as set forth.

fl. In a wi1.'e-drawing machine, the combina tion of a draft-pulleyhaving its face formed as a cone or olfsetting series of fillets, awirereducing die, and a rocking die holder mounted upon a rotativelyadjustable sup porter.

10. In a machine for drawing wire by continuous operation, a series ofwire-drawing rolls or draft-pulleys having faces formed as cones orinoffsetting fillets of varying diameter, in combination with a series ofwire-reducing dies and adjustable die-holders for supporting said dies,which afford facility for placing the dies at right angles to the direc'tion of the wire, whether running onto the larger or smaller portion ofthe draft-pulleys, substantially as set forth.

1 1. In a wire-drawing machine, the combination, with the draw-block, ofthe rotatable arbor D, pro vided with an adjustable frictionroll a, thatengages a surface or disk 0011- nected with said draw-block forimparting mo tion thereto, substantially as set forth.

12. In a continuous wire-drawing machine, the combination of a series ofdrawing-dies, a series of arbor-s carrying draft-pulleys, a main shaftWith operating mechanism for imparting rotative motion to said series ofarbors and draft-pulleys from said main shaft, a d riving-shaft providedwith a pulley or pulleys for the drive-belt, a friction-drum of varyingdiameter and an adjustable friction-Wheel for transmitting power andmotion from said driving-shaft to said main shaft, and a shifter forchanging the relative engaging position of the friction-surfaces of saidwheel and drum to vary the number of revolutions of said main shaftrelatively to the speed of the drivingshaft, for the purpose set forth.

Witness my hand this 13th day of December, A. I). 1888.

FRED H. DANIELS. Vitnesses:

CHAS. H. BURLEIGH, ELLA P. BLENUS.

